EvidencedBy
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Head-to-head · stress

Ashwagandha vs. Slow-Paced Breathing for Stress

Outcome compared: Stress & anxiety reduction

The verdict

Comparable directional evidence, but ashwagandha's effect size is inflated by high study heterogeneity, while breathing's physiological mechanism (vagal/HRV) is more consistently replicated. Breathing is free, has a faster onset (minutes vs. weeks), and has no contraindications for healthy adults — ashwagandha requires medical caution around thyroid function and pregnancy.

The gapRoughly comparable grades (B- vs. B), but very different risk/cost profiles for similar benefit.

B-
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
supplementstress

Best evidence: B-Moderate evidence

Evidence grade
B−
Effect size
Large but heterogeneous — anxiety SMD −1.55 (I² = 83–94%)
Evidence base
9–15 RCTs; high heterogeneity
Onset & cost
Weeks; supplement cost
Cautions
Avoid in pregnancy, thyroid meds, autoimmune
B
Slow-Paced Breathing (~6 breaths/min)
practicestress

Best evidence: BModerate evidence

Evidence grade
B
Effect size
Moderate & consistent — BP SMD −0.45, HRV improved
Evidence base
Multiple independent CV/HRV meta-analyses
Onset & cost
Minutes; free
Cautions
None significant for healthy adults

Grade badges show each intervention's strongest evidence across all its outcomes. Tap a name for the full entry.